- Umwanditsi, Dominic Casciani
- Igikorwa, Home & legal correspondent
- Twitter, @BBCDomC
Sentare nkuru ya ONU yasubiye kwumviriza urubanza igihugu ca Afrika y'Epfo citwariyemwo Israel ciyagiriza gukora jenoside mu ntambara ya Gaza, kirondera ko ihagarara vyihuta ibitero kuri Rafah.
Israel, cise urwo rubanza rwashinzwe na Afrika y'Epfo "ata ho rufatiye" yishuye kuri ico kirego kuri uyu wa gatanu.
Amajambo ya sentare mpuzamakungu y'ubutungane (ICJ) yarihwejwe cane kuva igihugu ca Afrika y'Epfo gishikirije ikirego caco, bishingiye kw'ikoreshwa ry'ijambo "plausible" [bishoboka] mu guca urwo rubanza.
Mu kwezi kwa mbere, ICJ yaciye utubanza vy'imfatakibanza - agace kamwe ko mu ngingo yashikirije karitaweho cane gusumba utundi:"Uko sentare ibibona, ibintu vyabaye hamwe n'uko ibintu vyagenze... birakwiye kugira hanzurwe ko n'imiburiburi bumwe mu burenganzira Afrika y'Epfo iharanira, kandi irondera ko bukingirwa bishoboka ko kwoba ari ukuri."
Ibi vyafashwe na benshi, harimwo n'abasesenguzi muvyo amategeko, ko sentare yanzuye ko ibivugwa ko Israel yakoze jenoside i Gaza "bishoboka".
Iyi nsiguro yakwiragiye hose vyihuta, iranandikwa mu binyamakuru vya ONU, mu nyandiko y'imigwi iharanira agateka ka zina muntu hamwe no mu bimenyeshamakuru vyinshi, harimwo na BBC.
Mu kwezi kwa kane ariko, Joan Donoghue, yari prezida wa ICJ ico gihe urwo rubanza rwacibwa, mu kiganiro na BBC yavuze uko atari ko sentare yaciye urubanza.
Kubw'iwe, uko urwo rubanza rwaciwe kwari ukwerekana ko Afrika y'Epfo yari ifise uburenganzira bwo kwitwarira Israel kandi ko abanye Palestine "bashobora kuba bafise uburenganzira bwo gukingirwa jenoside." - uburenganzira bwari bugeramiwe ubutagisubira inyuma.
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
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Abacamanza bavuze ko bidakenewe gushika ubu kuvuga nimba harabaye jenoside ariko banzura bavuga ko bimwe mu vyabaye Afrika y'Epfo yitwariye, mu gihe vyogaragara ko ari ukri, bishobora kwihwezwa hisunzwe amasezerano ya Onu kuri jenoside.
Reka twihweze kahise k'urwo rubanza n'ingene habaye impari z'amategeko.
ICJ yashinzwe kugira ice imanza z'ibihugu bifitaniye amatati yo kurenga ku mategeko mpuzamakungu.
Ivyo bisigura ko amategeko yumvikanyweko n'ibihugu, nk'irigenga jenoside, ingingo ikomeye yumvikanyweko inyuma y'intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose, agerageza kwirinda ubundi bwicanyi bw'abantu benshi kandi.
Mu kwezi kwa kigarama (12) guheze, Afrika y'Epfo yaragerageje kwitwara muri ICJ yerekana ko, uko ico gihugu kibibona, Israel iriko irakora jenoside ufatiye uko iriko iragwanya Hamas mu gace ka Gaza.
Afrika y'Epfo ivuga ko uburyo Israel iriko irakora iyo ntambara ari "jenoside ubwayo" kubera, ufatite ku rubanza ico gihugu cashingishije, hariho ishaka ryo "kurandurana n'imizi abanye Palestine". Israel yarahakanye yivuye inyuma ivyo bivugwa, ivuga ko ata ho bisa bisana n'ibiriko birabera ku rubuga.
Igihugu ca Afrika y'Epfo gishobora gukenera kwereka sentare ivyagiriji ntahinyuzwa ko hariho integuro yo gukora genoside. Israel na yo ku ruhande rwayo, ishobora kugira uburenganzira bwo kwihweza ivyo iregwa kimwe inyuma y'ikindi hanyuma isigure ko ivyo iriko irakora muri iyo ntambara ibira mu gisagara, ari ukwivuna umuhari Hamas, ufatwa nk'uwitwaje iterabwoba n'ibihugu birenga cumi. Urwo rubanza rushobora kumara imyaka cumi yo kurutegura no kuruburanisha.
Rero Afrika y'Epfo yasavye abacamanza ba ICJ ko ubwa mbere gufata "ingingo mfatakibanza."
Iryo ni ryo jambo ICJ ikoresha mu kuvuga ingingo y'umucamanza - itegeko rivuye ku mucamanza ryo guhagarika ko ibintu bibandanya, mu gukinga ko hagira ibibi bikorwa, imbere y'uko sentare ica urubanza ntabanduka.
Ahavuye isanamu, Reuters
Sentare yasabwe gutegeka Israel gufata ingingo zo "gukinga ko hasubira kuba isinzikazwa bikomeye ry'uburenganzira bw'abanye Palestine".
Mu misi ibiri, ababuranira ivyo bihugu vyompi bahaririye nimba ababa i Gaza bafise uburenganzira sentare ikeneye gukingira.
Urubanza, rwagiyemwo abacamanza 17, rwasomwe itariki 26 z'ukwezi kwa nzero (1).
ICJ igira iti:"Aho uru rubanza ruteye, sentare ntihamagarirwa kuvuga ubutagisubirwamwo nimba ubwo burenganzira Afrika y'Epfo isaba ko bukingirwa buriho.
"Ikeneye gusa gufata ingingo nimba uburenganzira Afrika y'Epfo ivuga kandi iriko irarondera ko bukingirwa bushoboka.
"Kubwa sentare, ibintu vyabaye hamwe n'uko ibintu vyagenze... birakwiye kugira hanzurwe ko n'imiburiburi bumwe mu burenganzira Afrika y'Epfo iharanira, kandi irondera ko bukingirwa bishoboka ko kwoba ari ukuri."
Kuba harafashwe ingingo ko abanye Palestine b'i Gaza bashobora kuba bafise uburenganzira hisunzwe amasezerano kuri jenoside, sentare yanzuye ko hariho ibimenyetso vy'uko hashobora kuba ibibi bidashobora gushumbushwa - Israel rero itegereza gufata ingingo yo gukumira jenoside mu gihe ibindi bibazo nkoramutima bicigwa.
Sentare ntiyaciye urubanza nimba Israel yarakoze jenoside - ariko none ivyo yavuze bisigura ko yanyuzwe ko hari ubwoba ko ivyo bishobora gushika?Aha ni ho hari impari ku co sentare yashatse kuvuga vy'ukuri.
Mu kwezi kwa kane, abongereza b'anyamategeko 600 harimwo n'uwahoze arongoye sentare nkuru, barashize umukono kw'ikete barungikiye umushikiranganji wa mbere, bamusaba guhagarika kugurisha ibigwanisho kuri Israel kandi banishimikiza "ubwoba ko hashobora kuba jenoside".
Ibi vyatumye haba irindi kete ryiyamiriza iryo, ry'abashingwamanza b'abongereza bashigikiye Israel, UKLFI (UK Lawyers For Israel ).Uwo mugwi ugizwe n'abayoboke 1.300, uvuga ko ICJ yafashe ingingo gusa ko abanye Palestine bo muri Gaza bafise uburenganzira bwo gukingirwa jenoside.
Ukudahuza vyarabandanije mu yandi makete no mu zindi nsiguro.
